The real relationship between the Donald Trump campaign and the Vladimir Putin regime in Russia remains murky even after Part I of former special counsel Robert Mueller’s report into Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election. One thing is certain: The relationship was much more complicated than President Trump admits in his relentless public assertion that the investigation into the Russian attack on U.S. democracy in 2016 was a “witch hunt” and that Mueller found “no collusion” with Russia during the campaign.
The president obviously believes that if you repeat something often enough, people will believe it.
To be honest with the American people, Trump should say what Mueller makes clear in the report — that the investigation did not pass judgment on the president’s guilt or innocence one way or the other.
Mueller did not exonerate Trump. The special counsel took no position on the president’s personal guilt or innocence in Russian interference in 2016. In his report, Mueller dodges Trump’s potential violation of U.S. law — not because Trump was necessarily innocent but because Justice Department policy states that a president cannot be charged with a federal crime while in office. Separately, Mueller stated publicly that “if we had had confidence that the president clearly did not commit a crime, we would have said so.”
Mueller’s report also makes no judgement about Trump and his campaign on the question of “collusion.” The report states that collusion is not a specific offense or theory of liability found in U.S. law, nor is it a term of art in federal law.
Part I of the special counsel report does raise a very serious legal question on whether Trump violated existing U.S. law prohibiting foreign involvement in American elections.
U.S. law forbids foreign nationals from contributing anything of value in U.S. elections. It is also illegal for U.S. citizens to solicit or accept foreign contributions related to U.S. elections.
Part I of the report offers plenty of questions about the president’s possible violation of the provision of the law on foreign involvement in American elections.
In public comments on July 27, 2016, Trump pleaded with Russia to hack Hillary Clinton’s emails and to release them. Hours later, Russian hackers, ultimately indicted by Mueller, made the first effort to break into the Clinton campaign servers. Many of the stolen Clinton emails were ultimately released to the public.
To further solidify his political appetite for foreign campaign help, Trump recently admitted that he would again accept negative foreign research on his opponents in future elections.
The Russians also offered dirt on Hillary Clinton to the president’s close circle of campaign advisers. Donald Trump Jr. apparently welcomed that information for the purpose of a campaign advantage for the Trump tower meeting on June 9, 2016. Trump campaign manager Paul Manafort and senior adviser Jared Kushner also attended the meeting.
Throughout the campaign, the number of contacts between the Trump campaign in 2016 and Russian officials and persons representing Russian interests during a U.S. national election was unprecedented.
Trump campaign officials consistently lied in public and to investigators about their contacts with Russians. Why did so many of them lie about their Russian contacts if these contacts did not contain solicitation and offers of Russian campaign or otherwise involve illegal campaign activity with a foreign power?
A legal judgment on Trump’s guilt or innocence by Mueller on this aspect of U.S. law also falls within the Justice Department policy on presidential indictments. But for this layman, Trump’s actions look like solicitation of a potentially helpful contribution —something of value in a U.S. election — from a foreign power in violation of U.S. law.
The Mueller report failed to investigate the question of Trump’s financial relationship with Russia. The president made financial investigations a red line for any inquiry, and Mueller avoided wading into the shadowy questions of Trump’s finances. But no investigation into the relationship between Trump and Russia is complete without a full review of that financial relationship.
Given Justice Department policy, Trump’s possible violations of U.S. election law and obstruction of justice are open legal questions that can now only be resolved in an impeachment investigation.
The president and his Republican supporters will continue to bully, howl in outrage and use every legal trick to prevent a thorough investigation into the president’s relationship with Russia, a hostile foreign power which attacked American democracy. Right now, Trump is winning, as Congress looks timid, uncertain and weak in the face of the president’s aggressive opposition.
The clock is running out on any realistic chance to lay out the facts of Trump’s involvement in the Russian attack on American democracy to the voters. The Mueller report is 400 pages of legal description without judgments on presidential actions, yet potential impeachable offenses are everywhere in the report.
At some point very soon, impeachment must begin. This is no time for indecision weakness, or paralysis caused by overthought political calculations. Let the American people decide after hearing the public testimony of those involved. It is no exaggeration to say that the future of American democracy and our influence in the world are at stake in coming months.
James W. Pardew is a former U.S. ambassador to Bulgaria and career Army intelligence officer. He has served as Deputy Assistant Secretary General of NATO and is the author of Peacemakers: American Leadership and the End of Genocide in the Balkans.