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Why it’s time for a self-driving car reality check

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It’s easy to develop a sense that fully autonomous cars are about to enter every major highway in the U.S. Hardly a day goes by without an announcement from FordUber or Google detailing their plans for technology-powered cars. And a few weeks ago, John Zimmer, the founder of Lyft, unveiled his company’s 10-year roadmap predicting a majority of Lyft rides would be driverless in 5 years. The plan went further to boldly state that private car ownership will “all but end” in major American cities by 2025.

My apologies to John, but that would take an absolute miracle. In fact, study after study of consumers has shown that car ownership is here to stay. Americans love their cars and car ownership is actually up among millennials.
 
{mosads}So, before people start planning their driving-free lives, here are some things that need to be addressed:
 
Technology Gaps

Sure, the technology exists, that is why you see autonomous cars driving around the Google campus or newly-minted driverless Uber’s hanging a Pittsburgh left. However, most of the companies that have announced their driverless car plans don’t actually have the hardware needed to produce the product. On top of that, engineers readily admit that they still need to study human driving patterns and map changes in road infrastructure.

Recent high profile Tesla crashes involving autonomous vehicles have also highlighted the current limitations. While there have been major advancements in image recognition, the same cannot be true for general visual knowledge – the ability for machines to respond to human actions and behaviors. The technology simply needs more time to develop and adapt to the realities of unpredictability.
 
There’s no question we will close these gaps. But we are also undoubtedly going to run into problems along the way. Look at Samsung’s phone business. A faulty battery issue caused such a massive recall that Samsung sold minority investments to collect the cash needed to deal with it. So, do we really expect to suddenly deploy huge numbers of autonomous cars on the road without massive roadblocks? That’s lunacy that ignores the realities of both software and mechanical engineering. A transition to a more automated fleet will be very slow.
 
Regulatory Battles

For far too long, there were no federal guidelines for autonomous vehicles and local governments were left to address the issue on their own. The problem? They were coming up with very different proposals and solutions. What Chicago proposed was different from New York which was different than Minneapolis. Seeing this was about to be one big regulatory mess, the Obama administration finally released their long awaited federal guidelines on autonomous vehicles.

The new guidelines were drafted in a way to give technology companies the freedom they need to create, yet stopped short of official regulations. While this is an overall positive development, the Department of Transportation kept open the possibility of issuing new regulations on the technology, which could be burdensome to those operating in this space. The policy’s call for technology companies to share data from self-driving cars with public entities adds another thick layer of complexity that will likely take years to iron out. The recent outcome of the U.S. Presidential election and selection of Elaine Chao as U.S. Secretary of Transportation adds another.
 
Moral Dilemmas  

While there is no doubt that self-driving cars will be safer and if all cars suddenly became autonomous, this would  save tens of thousands of lives a year. That said, there are some important moral questions to consider. For example, what if a car has to choose between hitting a person or another vehicle? Or, if you have to choose between hitting a child and an elderly person, which one do you choose? Are we comfortable with a machine making choices about life and death? Should the car value of safety of its passengers over pedestrians? And who decides these questions?

Researchers behind a recent study on the ‘social dilemmas’ of self-driving cars published in Science agree that these and other ethically issues need to be considered before the widespread use of autonomous vehicles becomes reality. They point to human versus machine judgment as the key factor. The study found that people are not interested purchasing autonomous cars that may decide to sacrifice the safety of passengers inside to save an external person, vehicle or object.
 
The Road Ahead

The future of transportation in exciting. In just a few short years, we have seen more changes than over the last century. Lyft is a big part of that story. And though I admire Lyft enormously and think they have gotten a lot right, John’s predictions on self-driving cars are simply wrong and his timeline is unrealistic. I believe we are decades – not years – away from fully automated, self-driving cars being the status quo. That said, I am very excited for that day to come.

George Arison is the Founder and CEO of Shift, a peer-to-peer marketplace revolutionizing the $750 billion used car industry.


The views expressed by authors are their own and not the views of The Hill.

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